Henry Williams treaty copy

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Henry Williams copy of the treaty

Henry Williams, who had translated the Treaty of Waitangi into Māori, sailed from the Bay of Islands on 2 April 1840 with two Māori-language copies of the document. He left one with his brother William Williams at Tūranga (Gisborne) on 8 April. He arrived at Port Nicholson (Wellington) in mid-April, but for 10 days could not persuade chiefs to sign. A meeting was finally arranged on the schooner Ariel on 29 April, when 39 chiefs signed. Another 34 signed at Queen Charlotte Sound and Rangitoto ki te Tonga (D’Urville Island).

In May, Williams received the agreement of chiefs at Ōtaki, Waikanae, Manawatū, Whanganui and Motu Ngārara, a small island off Kāpiti Island. He had intended to take the copy to Otago, but the signatures of South Island chiefs were already being sought by Major Bunbury.

This copy includes the names of several women: Kahe Te Rau-o-te-rangi (4), Rangi Topeora (78) and Rere-ō-maki (120). Pākewa (33) and Kehu (86) may also have been women; Wiremu Kīngi Te Rangitāke’s mother was known by the latter name.

Williams returned to the Bay of Islands with 132 signatures, all with ‘Te tohu o’ (The sign of) written in front of the names. This copy is different from others. It is carefully set out within a double border, and the text is in three columns with symbols and marks to show the principal chiefs of different tribes. The signature of Lieutenant-Governor William Hobson is shaky, as he was recovering from a stroke.

Sheet 8 — The Cook Strait (Henry Williams) Sheet

Sign order	Signed as	Probable name	Tribe	Hapū	Signing Occasion
1	Tuarau	Tuarau	Te Āti Awa	Ngāti Tāwhirikura	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
2	Te Hiko-o-te-rangi	Te Hiko-o-te-rangi	Ngāti Toa, Te Āti Awa	Ngāti Rārua, Ngāti Te Maunu	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
3	Tungia	Tūngia	Ngāti Toa	Ngāti Te Maunu	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
4	Kahe	Kahe Te Rau-o-te-rangi	Ngāti Toa, Te Āti Awa		Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
5	Te Ware Pouri	Te Wharepōuri	Te Āti Awa	Ngāti Tāwhirikura	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
6	Matangi	Matangi	Te Āti Awa	Ngāti Te Whiti, Ngāti Tāwhirikura, Ngāti Hāmua, Ngāti Mutunga	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
7	Te Tarenga Kuri	Te Kāeaea / Taringakurī	Ngāti Tama	Ngāti Wai	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
8	Te Whakakeko	Noa Te Whakakeko	Ngāti Tama		Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
9	Porutu	Te Rīrā Pōrutu	Te Āti Awa	Ngāti Hāmua, Pūhoromanga, Te Matehou	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
10	Ngatata	Ngātata-i-te-rangi	Te Āti Awa, Taranaki	Ngāti Te Whiti	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
11	Te Puakawe	Wiremu Kīngi Te Puakawe	Te Āti Awa	Te Matehou?	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
12	Napuna	Mohi Ngāponga	Taranaki	Ngāti Haumia	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
13	Wairarapa	Wiremu Kīngi Wairarapa	Te Āti Awa	Te Matehou	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
14	Mohiroa	Te Ropiha Moturoa	Te Āti Awa	Te Matehou	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
15	Te Tute	Hōne Tūtenuku?	Te Āti Awa?	Ngāti Tāwhirikura?	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
16	Ingo	Takata Ingo	Te Āti Awa	Te Matehou	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
17	Paka	Pamarihi Paka? / Wī Hape Pākau?	Te Āti Awa?	Ngāti Tāwhirikura?	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
18	Te Wakatauranga	Te Whakatauranga	Ngāti Tama		Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
19	Hore	Hōri Pakihi	Ngāti Tama	Ngāti Rangi, Ngāti Rongonui	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
20	Pani	Pani Wharetītī	Ngāti Tama	Ngāti Rongonui	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
21	Rawi	Aperahama Rawi	Ngāti Tama		Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
22	Kopiri	Hōhepa Kōpiri	Te Āti Awa	Te Matehou	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
23	Wanga	Rota Whanganga	Ngāti Tama		Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
24	Ngapapa	Ngāpapa Te Kēpa	Ngāti Tama		Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
25	Reihana Reweti	Reihana Rēweti	Te Āti Awa		Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
26	Patuhiki	Hōne Wētere Tuhata Te Patuhiki	Te Āti Awa, Ngāti Toa	Ngāti Kaitangata, Ngāti Tūaho	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
27	Te Huka	Te Huka	Te Arawa		Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
28	Te Kahu	Hoani Te Iwikāhu	Te Āti Awa	Te Matehou	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
29	Kopeka	Harawira Kōpeka	Te Āti Awa	Ngāti Tāwhirikura	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
30	Rerewa	Hōhepa Rerewa	Te Āti Awa	Ngāti Tawhirikura	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
31	Te Puni	Hōniana Te Punikōkopu	Te Āti Awa	Ngāti Te Whiti, Ngāti Tāwhirikura	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
32	Tuhatu	Tūhoto Moengarangātira	Te Ati Awa	Ngāti Tāwhirikura	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
33	Pakewa	Pākewa	Te Āti Awa	Puketapu?	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
34	Popuka	Popukā Makere	Te Āti Awa	Ngāti Te Whiti, Ngāti Tawhirikura	Port Nicholson, 29 April 1840
35	Toheroa	Te Manutoheroa	Te Āti Awa	Ngāti Kōmako ki Puketapu, Ngāti Hinerauhuia	Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
36	Rewa	Tāmati Wairuakīngi Ngārewa	Te Āti Awa	Ngāti Hinetuhi	Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
37	Watino	Rāwiri Whātino	Te Āti Awa	Ngāti Mahanga, Ngāti Pōtaka	Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
38	Te Tupe	Eruini Te Tupe-o-Tū	Te Āti Awa	Ngāti Rāhiri	Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
39	Tiaho	Te Teira Tīaho	Te Āti Awa		Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
40	Tikaukau	Tīkaukau	Ngāti Tama?		Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
41	Te Orakaka	Te Orakaka			Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
42	Tuterapouri	Tū-te-rangi-pōuri	Taranaki	Ngāti Ruanui?	Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
43	Te Tirarau	Te Tirarau	Ngāti Mutunga, Te Āti Awa, Ngāti Tama	Ngāti Hinetuhi	Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
44	Ngaoranga	Ngāoranga	Te Āti Awa, Ngāti Toa		Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
45	Hone	Hōne Pumipi Te Rau	Te Āti Awa	Ngāti Te Whiti, Manukorihi	Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
46	Inana	Pāora Kīngi Hīnana	Ngāti Rārua?		Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
47	Kaparangi	Kaparangi	Te Āti Awa	Ngāti Rāhiri	Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
48	Tapotuku	Tapotuku			Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
49	Huriwenua	Huriwhenua	Te Āti Awa	Ngāti Rāhiri	Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
50	Taukina	Pāora Taukina	Te Āti Awa	Ngāti Rahiri	Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
51	Iwikau	Pītama Te Iwikau	Te Āti Awa		Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
52	Punga	Wiremu Te Punga	Te Āti Awa	Ngāti Rāhiri	Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
53	Te Rangowaka	Pirika Te Rangowaka			Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
54	Nga Kirikiri	Ngākirikiri			Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
55	Potiki	Wiremu Pōtiki? Pūtiki?			Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
56	Nga Taraheke	Ngātaraheke			Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
57	Anara	Ānaru			Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
58	Pikau	Tāmati Pīkauterangi	Ngāti Mutunga, Ngāti Toa	Ngāti Kurī, Ngāti Maunu	Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
59	Te Uapiki	Hoani Ropiha Te Uapiki	Te Āti Awa		Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
59	Te Uapiki	Te Uapiki	Te Āti Awa		Queen Charlotte Sound, 5 May 1840
60	Maru	Maru	Te Āti Awa?		Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
61	Karaka	Ngākaraka			Queen Charlotte Sound, 4-5 May 1840
62	Te Wetu	Te Whetū	Ngāti Koata, Ngāti Raukawa	Ngāti Rākaupakupaku	Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
63	Pari	Pari	Ngāti Koata		Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
64	Taropiko	Tarapiko	Ngāti Koata		Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
65	Te Patete	Turi Te Pātete	Ngāti Koata	Ngāti Rakaupakapaka	Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
66	Te Rangiahua	Te Rangiāhua	Ngāti Koata		Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
67	Tahanui	Tahanui	Ngāti Koata		Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
68	Orokaka	Orokaka	Ngāti Koata		Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
69	Toitoi	Toitoi	Ngāti Koata		Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
70	Te Muko	Matiu Te Mako	Ngāti Koata		Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
71	Te Ipukohu	Te Ipukohu	Ngāti Koata		Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
72	Te Tihi	Hoani Te Tihi Tāwhirikura	Ngāti Koata		Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
73	Huia	Huia	Ngāti Koata		Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
74	Nukumai	Nukumai	Ngāti Koata		Rangitoto, 11 May 1840
75	Te Rauparaha	Te Rauparaha	Ngāti Toa	Ngāti Kimihia	Kapiti?, 14 May 1840
76	Katu	Tāmihana Te Rauparaha	Ngāti Toa	Ngāti Kimihia	Kapiti?, 14 May 1840
77	Te Wiwi	Hēnare Mātene Te Whiwhi-o-te-Rangi	Ngāti Raukawa	Ngāti Huia, Ngāti Kikopiri	Kapiti?, 14 May 1840
78	Topeora	Rangi Topeora	Ngāti Toa	Ngāti Te Maunu, Ngāti Kimihia	Kapiti?, 14 May 1840
79	Te Ruru	Āperahama Te Ruru	Ngāti Raukawa	Ngāti Huia, Ngāti Kikopiri	Ōtaki?, 19 May 1840
80	Matia	Te Mātenga Te Mātia	Ngāti Raukawa	Ngāti Pare	Ōtaki?, 19 May 1840
81	Kiharoa	Kiharoa	Ngāti Raukawa	Ngāti Pare, Ngāti Huia	Ōtaki?, 19 May 1840
82	Te Puke	Kīngi Hōri Te Puke-ki-Mahauariki	Ngāti Raukawa	Ngāti Pare, Ngāti Waihurehia	Ōtaki?, 19 May 1840
83	Toremi	Horomona Toremi	Ngāti Raukawa, Rangitāne	Ngāti Kahorotetini	Ōtaki?, 19 May 1840
84	Te Ahoaho	Kīngi Te Ahoaho	Ngāti Raukawa	Ngāti Maiōtaki	Ōtaki?, 19 May 1840
85	Tahurangi	Ihākara Tukumaru	Ngāti Raukawa	Ngāti Ngārongo	Ōtaki?, 19 May 1840
86	Kehu	Te Kehu (Te Whetū-o-te-ao )	Te Āti Awa		Ōtaki?, 19 May 1840
87	Te Hakeke	Kāwana Te Hūnia Hākeke	Ngāti Apa, Ngāti Kauae, Ngāti Tauira, Ngāti Rangitumoana, Rangitāne, Muaūpoko	Ngāti Kura, Ngāti Kitohu, Ngāti Maikuku, Ngāti Pouwhenua, Ngā Ariki, Ngāi Tapuiti	Tawhirihoe, 21 May 1840
88	Taumaru	Hāmuera Te Raikōkiritia Taumaru	Ngāti Apa	Ngāti Tauira, Ngāti Rangiwhakapou, Ngāti Rakei	Tawhirihoe, 21 May 1840
89	Mahi	Mohi Mahi	Ngāti Apa	Ngāti Tauira, Ngāti Rangiwaho, Ngā Potiki, Ngāti Rangiwhakaturia	Tawhirihoe, 21 May 1840
90	Te Ota	Wi Te Ota	Rangitāne, Ngāti Kahungunu	Ngāi Te Upokoiri, Te Paneira	Manawatū, 26 May 1840
91	Paturoa	Rāwiri Paturoa	Rangitāne, Ngāti Kahungunu	Ngāti Hauiti, Ngāi Te Upokoiri, Te Paneiri, Ngāti Hinemanu	Manawatū, 26 May 1840
92	Te Tohe	Te Tohe	Ngāi Te Upokoiri?		Manawatū, 26 May 1840
93	Te Wetu	Te Whetū	Ngāti Raukawa	Ngāti Te Ihi Ihi, Ngāti Kauwhata	Manawatū, 26 May 1840
94	Tauheke	Ihaia Taueki	Muaūpoko		Manawatū, 26 May 1840
95	Pakau	Wi Hape Pākau	Te Āti Awa	Ngāti Te Whiti, Ngāti Tawhirikura, Ngāti Te Waiponga	Manawatū, 26 May 1840
96	Witiopai	Whitiopai	Ngāti Raukawa		Manawatū, 26 May 1840
97	Rere tauwangawanga	Te Rere-tā-whangawhanga	Te Āti Awa	Manukorihi	Waikanae, 16 May 1840
98	Witi	Wiremu Kīngi Te Rangitāke	Te Āti Awa	Ngāti Kura, Ngāti Mutunga	Waikanae, 16 May 1840
99	Te Patukekeno	Te Patu-kēkino	Te Āti Awa?		Waikanae, 16 May 1840
100	Ngaraurekau	Ngā-raurēkau	Te Āti Awa?		Waikanae, 16 May 1840
101	Te Heke	Te Heke	Te Āti Awa	Patupo	Waikanae, 16 May 1840
102	Tuamane	Tuainane	Te Āti Awa		Waikanae, 16 May 1840
103	Ngapuke	Ngāpuke / Ngāpaki	Te Āti Awa? Ngāti Raukawa?		Waikanae, 16 May 1840
104	Te Patukakariki	Wiremu Te Patu-kākāriki	Te Āti Awa, Ngāti Toa?	Ngāti Tuaho, Ngāti Tihina?	Waikanae, 16 May 1840
105	Ngakaue	Ngākanae?			Waikanae, 16 May 1840
106	Pukerangiora	Puke-rangiora			Waikanae, 16 May 1840
107	Kukutai	Paora Kūkūtai	Te Āti Awa?		Waikanae, 16 May 1840
108	Koinaki	Koinaki	Te Āti Awa?		Waikanae, 16 May 1840
109	Raranga	Raranga	Te Āti Awa?		Waikanae, 16 May 1840
110	Hohepa Matahau	Matahau	Ngāti Raukawa		Waikanae, 16 May 1840
111	Kiha	Kiha	Te Āti Awa?		Waikanae, 16 May 1840
112	Hiangarere	Hiangarere	Te Āti Awa		Waikanae, 16 May 1840
113	Hurerua	Urerua?	Te Āti Awa?		Waikanae, 16 May 1840
114	Te Wehi	Te Wehi	Te Āti Awa?		Waikanae, 16 May 1840
115	Pehi	Pēhi	Te Āti Awa?		Waikanae, 16 May 1840
116	Ketetakere	Kete-takere	Te Āti Awa?		Waikanae, 16 May 1840
117	Te Anaua	Hōrī Kīngi Te Anaua	Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi	Ngāti Ruaka	Whanganui, 23 May 1840
118	Tawito	Kāwana Pitiroi Paipai	Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi	Ngāti Ruaka	Whanganui, 23 May 1840
119	Te Mawae	Te Māwae	Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi	Ngāti Ruaka	Whanganui, 23 May 1840
120	Rere	Rere-ō-maki	Te Ati Haunui-a-Pāpārangi, Te Arawa	Ngāti Ruaka	Whanganui, 23 May 1840
121	Te Tauri	Wiremu Eruera Te Tauri	Ngāti Te Rangi-ita, Ngāti Tūwharetoa, Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi		Whanganui, 23 May 1840
122	Rore	Rore	Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi?		Whanganui, 23 May 1840
123	Turoa	Te Peehi Tūroa	Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi		Whanganui, 23 May 1840
124	Taka	Taka	Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi?		Whanganui, 23 May 1840
125	Kurawatiia	Kurawatiia	Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi?		Whanganui, 23 May 1840
126	Te Rangiwakarurua	Te Rangiwhakarurua	Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi		Whanganui, 23 May 1840
127	Uripo	Uripō	Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi?		Whanganui, 31 May 1840
128	Te Hiko	Te Hiko-o-te-rangi	Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi?		Whanganui, 31 May 1840
129	Takaterangi	Takarangi	Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi		Whanganui, 31 May 1840
130	Pakoro	Te Pēhi Pakoro Turoa	Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi		Whanganui, 31 May 1840
131	Te Rangihiroa	Te Rangihīroa	Ngāti Toa	Ngāti Te Maunu	Motungārara, 4 June 1840
132	Te Ohu	Te Ohu	Te Āti Awa? Ngāti Toa?		Motungārara, 4 June 1840