gallipoli campaign

Events In History

Articles

Anzac Day resources

  • Anzac Day resources

    A guide to resources relating to Anzac Day including a history of the day, help for planning ceremonies and a guide to visiting Gallipoli today.

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The Gallipoli campaign

  • The Gallipoli campaign

    Each year on Anzac Day, New Zealanders (and Australians) mark the anniversary of the Gallipoli landings of 25 April 1915. On that day, thousands of young men, far from their homes, stormed the beaches on the Gallipoli Peninsula in what is now Türkiye.

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  • Page 2 – Gallipoli in brief

    The Ottoman Empire entered the war on the side of the Central Powers. New Zealand and Australian troops supported British and French soldiers in an attempt to capture the

  • Page 3 – Invasion

    Allied forces landed on the Gallipoli Peninsula on 25 April 1915. British (and later French) forces made the main landing at Cape Helles on the southern tip of Gallipoli, while

  • Page 4 – Stalemate

    By 29 April, the battle of the landing was over; both sides had fought themselves to a standstill. While the New Zealanders and Australians had established a beachhead at Anzac

  • Page 5 – The Sari Bair offensive

    As the futile attacks continued at Helles, the Allies began looking at alternative strategies to break the deadlock. Lieutenant-General Birdwood, the ANZAC commander,

  • Page 6 – Evacuation

    Hill 60 was the last major Allied attack at Gallipoli. The failure of the August offensive raised more questions about the future of the campaign, especially in light of the

  • Page 7 – Soldiers' experience

    Life for the New Zealand soldier on Gallipoli was tough. They struggled with the harsh environment, living and fighting amongst the deep ravines and high cliffs that towered

  • Page 8 – Gallipoli timeline

    Timeline showing key events related to New Zealand's involvement in the Gallipoli campaign.

  • Page 9 – 25 April 1915: Anzac landing timeline

    This timeline provides a detailed breakdown of what happened and when during the Gallipoli landings at Anzac Cove on 25 April 1915.

  • Page 10 – Gallipoli biographies

    Find out more about some of the New Zealanders involved in the Gallipoli campaign between April 1915 and January 1916.

  • Page 12 – Further information

    Recommended links and further reading about Gallipoli

Anzac Day

  • Anzac Day

    First observed in 1916, Anzac Day - 25 April - commemorates those killed in war and honours returned servicemen and women. The ceremonies held at war memorials around the country, and in places overseas where New Zealanders gather, are rich in tradition and ritual.

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  • Page 2 – The Anzacs

    The word Anzac is part of the culture of New Zealanders and Australians. The word conjures up a shared heritage of two nations, but it also has a specific meaning, dating from

  • Page 3 – The ceremony

    The Anzac Day ceremony of 25 April is a form of military funeral and follows a specific pattern. The day's ceremonies have two major parts: one at dawn and another later in the

  • Page 4 – The making of Anzac Day

    Anzac Day was made a half-day holiday in 1916, when the pattern of the day's events began to be set.

The Ottoman Empire

  • The Ottoman Empire

    Few Kiwis today know much about one of our main First World War enemies, the Ottoman Empire - a sophisticated but often forgotten empire whose soldiers fought against New Zealand troops for four years in the Gallipoli, Sinai and Palestine campaigns.

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  • Page 5 – Ottoman Empire at war

    How the Ottoman Empire fared during the First World War

  • Page 12 – The Turkish soldier's experience

    Mehmetçik – ‘Little Mehmet’ – was an affectionate Turkish nickname for Ottoman (Turkish) soldiers.

A reflection on historical silences

Māori in the NZEF

  • Māori in the NZEF

    More than 2000 Maori served in the Māori Contingent and Pioneer Battalion during the First World War

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  • Page 3 – Pioneer Battalion

    In early 1916 the Maori Contingent ceased to exist and was replaced by the New Zealand Pioneer Battalion.

British Empire

First World War art

  • First World War art

    During the First World War official and unofficial New Zealand war artists produced a wide range of works depicting this country's war effort. These works later became part of New Zealand's National Collection of War Art.

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  • Page 2 - Unofficial war artNew Zealand soldiers used art to interpret the experience of the war for an audience of noncombatant civilians. Civilian artists in turn produced works that responded to and

First World War - overview

  • First World War - overview

    Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and his wife Sophie were assassinated in the Bosnian city of Sarajevo. This was a key event in sparking the Great War of 1914–18.

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  • Page 4 - New Zealand goes to warBefore the outbreak of war, Prime Minister W.F. Massey had made it clear that New Zealand’s main contribution would be supplying troops to the major theatre of conflict. But

The Salonika campaign

  • The Salonika campaign

    23 October is the anniversary of the 1915 sinking of the Marquette with the loss of 32 New Zealanders, including 10 nurses. They were en route from Egypt to the Greek port of Salonika as New Zealand’s contribution to the little-known Allied campaign in the Balkans

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  • Page 2 - LemnosThe Balkan campaign of the First World War (also known as the Salonika or the Macedonian campaign) came about because of the changing strategic aims of the Allies and Central

Wellington Mounted Rifles Regiment timeline

Canterbury Mounted Rifles Regiment timeline

  • In May the CMR and the rest of the New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade (NZMR) are thrown – as infantry – into the desperate struggle to seize the commanding heights of the Gallipoli Peninsula. In the next four months the regiment suffers more than half of all its casualties in the war.

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  • Page 1 - 1915In May the CMR and the rest of the New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade (NZMR) are thrown – as infantry – into the desperate struggle to seize the commanding heights of the

Auckland Mounted Rifles Regiment timeline

  • The Auckland Mounted Rifles Regiment actions in 1915, from Sinai to Gallipoli

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  • Page 1 - 1915The Auckland Mounted Rifles Regiment actions in 1915, from Sinai to

Merchant marine

  • Merchant marine

    On 3 September New Zealand honours Merchant Navy Day. Here we explore the little-known but vital role played by the merchant marine during the First World War, when these civilian seafarers often found themselves in the front line of the war at sea.

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  • Page 4 - Hospital shipsIn May 1915, as casualties mounted at Gallipoli, the government chartered a hospital ship, the Union Company's 5282-ton trans-Tasman liner

Hospital ships

  • Hospital ships

    The Maheno and Marama were the poster ships of New Zealand's First World War effort. Until 1915 these steamers had carried passengers on the Tasman route. But as casualties mounted at Gallipoli, the government - helped by a massive public fundraising campaign - converted them into state-of-the-art floating hospitals.

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  • Page 4 – Civilians at Gallipoli

    The Maheno arrived in the Mediterranean in time for the Allies’ bloody late August 1915 offensives to find that not much had improved since the April landings

The Post and Telegraph Department at war

  • The Post and Telegraph Department at war

    The Post and Telegraph Department (the government agency from which New Zealand Post, Telecom and Kiwibank are descended) was crucial to this country’s participation in the First World War.

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  • Page 4 - Communications at GallipoliWhether it was signallers conveying orders to the front line or mail services being provided for soldiers, men from the Post and Telegraph Department played a vital role during

NZ's First World War horses

  • NZ's First World War horses

    Between 1914 and 1916 the New Zealand government acquired more than 10,000 horses to equip the New Zealand Expeditionary Force. They served in German Samoa, Gallipoli, the Middle East and on the Western Front. Of those that survived the war, only four returned home.

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  • Page 5 - Egypt and GallipoliSome draught horses accompanied the divisional artillery and transport and supply units to Gallipoli in April 1915 to assist with their work. But the conditions proved unsuitable

Memorials register

  • Memorials register

    Find exact locations and further information for more than 1000 memorials throughout New Zealand.

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  • Page 4 - Living memorials projectsScion, the Crown Research Institute for the forestry sector, has provided approximately 50 seedlings to be planted around New Zealand as First World War

Biographies

  • Moore-Jones, Horace Millichamp

    Biography of the New Zealand war artist famous for his paintings of the Gallipoli landscape and of Private Simpson and his donkey.

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  • Begg, Charles Mackie

    Charles Begg was New Zealand's most decorated member of the Medical Corps during the First World War. He played a major role in the treatment of troops during the 1915 Gallipoli campaign.

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  • Russell, Andrew Hamilton

    Andrew Russell was one of New Zealand's most important military leaders of the First World War, known for his strategic brilliance and meticulous planning.

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  • Burton, Ormond Edward

    Ormond Burton was a Methodist minister and prominent pacifist who developed anti-war views after serving in the First World War.

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  • Godley, Alexander John

    Godley was a man with considerable talent for organisation, as evidenced by his training of the Territorial Force in the early 1910s, and later command of the New Zealand Division in the First World War.

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  • Malone, William George

    William George Malone, commander of the Wellington Battalion, was one of New Zealand's outstanding soldiers of the Gallipoli campaign.

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